Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Mon 12 Feb 1906

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 08:03 on Mon 12 Feb to 05:50 on Tue 13 Feb, so it holds moonrise only on Mon 12 Feb, at 21:31. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 204°–216° is the 18th, Krishna Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:59 here. Dwitiya ended at 10:06 Sun, before it. Tritiya ends at 08:03, when the lead reaches 216°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 9 Feb, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Chaturthi began at 08:03 and ended at 05:50 Tue, between the sunrises of 06:59 and 06:59 Tue. Monday reads Tritiya and Tuesday reads Panchami: Chaturthi is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Sun 11 Feb ran from sunset 18:27 Sun to sunrise 06:59, 12 h 32 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:59 to 18:27, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:27 to 06:59 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Phalguni spans 146°40′–160°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 153°20′. It leaves at 14:55, for Hasta.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 299.9° + 155.3° = 455.2°, one full turn and 95.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 93°20′–106°40′ is the 8th, Dhriti. It ends at 01:02 Tue, then Shula.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 21:06 Sun, when the lead reached 210°; Vishti runs until 08:03.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:59 to 06:59 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 12 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 23 Feb, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 23 Feb, with the Sun in Kumbha, begins Phalguna. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Phalguna here, and Magha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 5 Apr 1905, 04:44 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 307.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1962; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1827.