Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 11 Jul 1905

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 96°–108° is the 9th, Shukla Navami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:48 here. Ashtami ended at 09:59 Mon, before it. Navami ends at 07:42, when the lead reaches 108°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 2 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dashami began at 07:42 and ended at 05:26 Wed, between the sunrises of 05:48 and 05:49 Wed. Tuesday reads Navami and Wednesday reads Ekadashi: Dashami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Mon 10 Jul ran from sunset 19:02 Mon to sunrise 05:48, 10 h 46 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:48 to 19:02, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 39 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:02 to 05:49 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 20 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Swati spans 186°40′–200°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 190°. It leaves at 18:34, for Vishakha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 85.5° + 192.4° = 277.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 266°40′–280°00′ is the 21st, Siddha. It ends at 09:05, then Sadhya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Navami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 20:51 Mon, when the lead reached 102°; Kaulava runs until 07:42.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:48 to 05:49 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 15 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 1 Aug, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 2 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, began Ashadha. This Shukla paksha reads Ashadha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 5 Apr 1905, 04:44 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 93.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1962; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1827.