Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 15 Mar 1904

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 06:07 on Tue 15 Mar to 08:40 on Wed 16 Mar, so only Tuesday night’s nishitha (00:05 Wed–00:53 Wed) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:29 here. Trayodashi ended at 06:07, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 08:40 Wed, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 2 Mar, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Chaturdashi began at 06:07, before sunrise at 06:29, and ends at 08:40 Wed, after the next sunrise at 06:28 Wed. Both days read Chaturdashi: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Mon 14 Mar ran from sunset 18:29 Mon to sunrise 06:29, 12 h 0 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:29 to 18:30, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:30 to 06:28 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 306°40′. It leaves at 07:26 Wed, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 331.5° + 307.7° = 639.2°, one full turn and 279.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 266°40′–280°00′ is the 21st, Siddha. It ends at 07:58, then Sadhya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti runs until 19:25, when the lead reaches 342°; Shakuni until 08:40 Wed.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:29 to 06:28 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kumbha gives Phalguna. The Sun enters Meena on 13 Mar, inside the month. The next new moon, 17 Mar, finds it in Meena and begins Chaitra.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Mar, with the Sun in Meena, begins Chaitra. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Chaitra here, and Phalguna in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 29 Mar 1903, 06:47 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 346.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1960; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1825.