Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Wed 14 Aug 1901

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya runs from 14:27 on Tue 13 Aug to 13:48 on Wed 14 Aug, so it holds sunrise only on Wed 14 Aug, at 06:00. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 348°–360° is the 30th, Krishna Amavasya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:00 here. Chaturdashi ended at 14:27 Tue, before it. Amavasya ends at 13:48, when the lead reaches 360°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 31 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 13 Aug ran from sunset 18:49 Tue to sunrise 06:00, 11 h 11 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:00 to 18:49, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:49 to 06:00 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashlesha spans 106°40′–120°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 113°20′. It leaves at 16:50, for Magha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 118° + 114° = 232°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 226°40′–240°00′ is the 18th, Variyana. It ends at 19:27, then Parigha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Amavasya is Chatushpada and the second Nagava. Chatushpada ended at 02:04, when the lead reached 354°; Nagava runs until 13:48.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:00 to 06:00 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 16 Jul 03:31 Tue to 14 Aug 13:48 the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 07:14 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 1901, 18:14 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 141.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1958; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1823.