Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Wed 7 Aug 1901

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 264°–276° is the 23rd, Krishna Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:58 here. Saptami ended at 02:27, before it. Ashtami ends at 00:20 Thu, when the lead reaches 276°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 31 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 6 Aug ran from sunset 18:53 Tue to sunrise 05:58, 11 h 5 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:58 to 18:53, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:53 to 05:58 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Bharani spans 13°20′–26°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 16°40′. It leaves at 21:59, for Krittika.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 111.3° + 17.2° = 128.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 120°00′–133°20′ is the 10th, Ganda. It ends at 13:34, then Vriddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 13:23, when the lead reaches 270°; Kaulava until 00:20 Thu.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:58 to 05:58 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 16 Jul 03:31 Tue to 14 Aug 13:48 Wed the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 07:14 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 1901, 18:14 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 134.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1958; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1823.