Panchang in Olean, New York, United States Mon 9 Dec 1985

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 06:21 on Mon 9 Dec to 02:59 on Tue 10 Dec, so only Monday’s pradosha (16:41–19:39) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Olean

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 02:59 on Tue 10 Dec to 23:27 on Tue 10 Dec, between the two nights’ nishitha, touching neither. The Nirnayasindhu then takes the earlier day: Mon 9 Dec. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Olean

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:30 here. Dwadashi ended at 06:21, before it. Trayodashi ends at 02:59 Tue, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 27 Nov, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:02, came before Dwadashi ended at 16:51: this day reads Dwadashi.

Olean · UTC−5

Sunrise here, 07:30, came after Dwadashi ended at 06:21: this day reads Trayodashi.

The night of Sun 8 Dec ran from sunset 16:41 Sun to sunrise 07:30, 14 h 49 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 59 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:30 to 16:41, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 8 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 16:41 to 07:31 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 51 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Swati spans 186°40′–200°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 196°40′. It leaves at 10:05, for Vishakha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 233.7° + 198.4° = 432.1°, one full turn and 72.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 66°40′–80°00′ is the 6th, Atiganda. It ends at 19:21, then Sukarma.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 16:42, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 02:59 Tue.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:30 to 07:31 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 15 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 11 Dec, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 11 Dec, with the Sun in Vrishchika, begins Margashirsha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Margashirsha here, and Kartika in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 1985, 06:58 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 256.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2042; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1907.