Panchang in Mapleton, Utah, United States Mon 1 Oct 2018

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 252°–264° is the 22nd, Krishna Saptami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:22 here. Shashthi ended at 18:15 Sun, before it. Saptami ends at 16:39, when the lead reaches 264°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 24 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sun 30 Sep ran from sunset 19:10 Sun to sunrise 07:22, 12 h 12 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:22 to 19:08, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:08 to 07:23 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mrigashira spans 53°20′–66°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 60°. It leaves at 13:21, for Ardra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 164.2° + 63.2° = 227.4°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 226°40′–240°00′ is the 18th, Variyana. It ends at 03:38 Tue, then Parigha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Saptami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti ended at 05:29, when the lead reached 258°; Bava runs until 16:39.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:22 to 07:23 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 16 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 8 Oct, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 8 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, begins Ashwina. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashwina here, and Bhadrapada in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 2018, 07:11 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 191.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2075; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1940.