Panchang in Mapleton, Utah, United States Mon 10 Sep 2018

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 0°–12° is the 1st, Shukla Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:02 here. Amavasya ended at 12:01 Sun, before it. Pratipada ends at 09:05, when the lead reaches 12°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 9 Sep, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dwitiya began at 09:05 and ended at 06:34 Tue, between the sunrises of 07:02 and 07:03 Tue. Monday reads Pratipada and Tuesday reads Tritiya: Dwitiya is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Sun 9 Sep ran from sunset 19:44 Sun to sunrise 07:02, 11 h 18 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:02 to 19:43, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:43 to 07:03 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Phalguni spans 146°40′–160°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 153°20′. It leaves at 16:09, for Hasta.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 143.7° + 154.5° = 298.2°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 293°20′–306°40′ is the 23rd, Shubha. It ends at 20:15, then Shukla.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Kinstughna and the second Bava. Kinstughna ended at 22:31 Sun, when the lead reached 6°; Bava runs until 09:05.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:02 to 07:03 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 16 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 8 Oct, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 9 Sep, with the Sun in Simha, began Bhadrapada. This Shukla paksha reads Bhadrapada in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 2018, 07:11 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 170.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2075; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1940.