Panchang in Mapleton, Utah, United States Thu 14 Apr 2016

Rama’s birth is celebrated at madhyahna, the middle fifth of the day. Navami runs from 09:59 on Thu 14 Apr to 10:33 on Fri 15 Apr, so only Thursday’s madhyahna (12:07–14:46) falls within it.

Rama Navami: every date in Mapleton

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 84°–96° is the 8th, Shukla Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:49 here. Saptami ended at 10:11 Wed, before it. Ashtami ends at 09:59, when the lead reaches 96°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 7 Apr, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Wed 13 Apr ran from sunset 20:03 Wed to sunrise 06:49, 10 h 46 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:49 to 20:04, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 39 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 20:04 to 06:47 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 20 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Pushya spans 93°20′–106°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 93°20′. It leaves at 04:05 Fri, for Ashlesha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 0.9° + 95.3° = 96.2°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 93°20′–106°40′ is the 8th, Dhriti. It ends at 00:56 Fri, then Shula.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti ended at 21:59 Wed, when the lead reached 90°; Bava runs until 09:59.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:49 to 06:47 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 13 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 6 May, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 7 Apr, with the Sun in Meena, began Chaitra. This Shukla paksha reads Chaitra in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 7 Apr 2016, 05:23 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 6.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2073; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1938.