Panchang in Libode, Eastern Cape, South Africa Tue 7 Nov 2017

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 21:29 on Mon 6 Nov to 18:21 on Tue 7 Nov, between the two nights’ moonrise, touching neither. The Dharmasindhu then takes the later day: Tue 7 Nov. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Libode

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:02 here. Tritiya ended at 21:29 Mon, before it. Chaturthi ends at 18:21, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 4 Nov, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Mon 6 Nov ran from sunset 18:32 Mon to sunrise 05:02, 10 h 30 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 42 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:02 to 18:33, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 41 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:33 to 05:01 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 18 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mrigashira spans 53°20′–66°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 60°. It leaves at 13:59, for Ardra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 200.8° + 61.1° = 261.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 253°20′–266°40′ is the 20th, Shiva. It ends at 12:13, then Siddha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 07:53, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 18:21.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:02 to 05:01 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 16 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 18 Nov, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 18 Nov, with the Sun in Vrishchika, begins Margashirsha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Margashirsha here, and Kartika in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 28 Mar 2017, 04:57 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 217.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2074; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1939.