Panchang in Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine Wed 22 Nov 2017

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 36°–48° is the 4th, Shukla Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:33 here. Tritiya ended at 20:42 Tue, before it. Chaturthi ends at 23:25, when the lead reaches 48°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 18 Nov, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Tue 21 Nov ran from sunset 16:23 Tue to sunrise 07:33, 15 h 10 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 1 h 0 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:33 to 16:22, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 6 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 16:22 to 07:35 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 54 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 256°40′. It leaves at 03:29 Thu, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 216° + 256.9° = 472.9°, one full turn and 112.9°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 106°40′–120°00′ is the 9th, Shula. It ends at 20:54, then Ganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija runs until 10:03, when the lead reaches 42°; Vishti until 23:25.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:33 to 07:35 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 15 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 18 Dec, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 18 Nov, with the Sun in Vrishchika, began Margashirsha. This Shukla paksha reads Margashirsha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 28 Mar 2017, 05:57 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 232.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2074; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1939.