Panchang in Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine Sun 19 Nov 2017

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 0°–12° is the 1st, Shukla Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:29 here. Amavasya ended at 13:42 Sat, before it. Pratipada ends at 15:44, when the lead reaches 12°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 18 Nov, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 18 Nov ran from sunset 16:26 Sat to sunrise 07:29, 15 h 3 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 1 h 0 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:29 to 16:25, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 7 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 16:25 to 07:30 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 53 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Anuradha spans 213°20′–226°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 220°. It leaves at 18:27, for Jyeshtha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 213° + 221.2° = 434.2°, one full turn and 74.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 66°40′–80°00′ is the 6th, Atiganda. It ends at 18:16, then Sukarma.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Kinstughna and the second Bava. Kinstughna ended at 02:41, when the lead reached 6°; Bava runs until 15:44.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:29 to 07:30 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 15 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 18 Dec, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 18 Nov, with the Sun in Vrishchika, began Margashirsha. This Shukla paksha reads Margashirsha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 28 Mar 2017, 05:57 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 229.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2074; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1939.