Panchang in Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine Fri 22 Sep 2017

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 12°–24° is the 2nd, Shukla Dwitiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:58 here. Pratipada ended at 08:04 Thu, before it. Dwitiya ends at 08:11, when the lead reaches 24°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 20 Sep, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Thu 21 Sep ran from sunset 19:12 Thu to sunrise 06:58, 11 h 46 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:58 to 19:10, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:10 to 06:59 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Chitra spans 173°20′–186°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 176°40′. It leaves at 22:07, for Swati.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 155.2° + 178.6° = 333.8°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 333°20′–346°40′ is the 26th, Indra. It ends at 05:26 Sat, then Vaidhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwitiya is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 20:04 Thu, when the lead reached 18°; Kaulava runs until 08:11.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:58 to 06:59 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 17 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 19 Oct, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 20 Sep, with the Sun in Kanya, began Ashwina. This Shukla paksha reads Ashwina in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 28 Mar 2017, 05:57 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 171.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2074; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1939.