Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Thu 5 Jul 2091

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 228°–240° is the 20th, Krishna Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:44 here. Chaturthi ended at 20:13 Wed, before it. Panchami ends at 21:19, when the lead reaches 240°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 30 Jun, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Wed 4 Jul ran from sunset 17:50 Wed to sunrise 06:44, 12 h 54 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:44 to 17:50, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:50 to 06:44 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 310°. It leaves at 23:01, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 78.6° + 311.6° = 390.2°, one full turn and 30.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 26°40′–40°00′ is the 3rd, Ayushmana. It ends at 00:29 Fri, then Saubhagya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 08:41, when the lead reaches 234°; Taitila until 21:19.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:44 to 06:44 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 16 Jun 23:42 Sat to 16 Jul 11:17 Mon the Sun stayed in Mithuna, entering Karka at 17 Jul 06:52 Tue, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Ashadha, before Ashadha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, begins Ashadha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashadha (Adhik) here, and Ashadha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 2091, 00:47 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 103.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2148; Shaka Samvat numbers it 2013.