Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Mon 21 Dec 2048

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 180°–192° is the 16th, Krishna Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:35 here. Purnima ended at 03:39 Sun, before it. Pratipada ends at 06:21, when the lead reaches 192°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 20 Dec, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Pratipada began at 03:39 Sun, before sunrise at 05:34 Sun, and ends at 06:21, after the next sunrise at 05:35. Both days read Pratipada: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Sun 20 Dec ran from sunset 18:46 Sun to sunrise 05:35, 10 h 49 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:35 to 18:46, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 38 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:46 to 05:35 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 21 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ardra spans 66°40′–80°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 76°40′. It leaves at 11:09, for Punarvasu.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 245.6° + 77.3° = 322.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 01:10 Tue, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 17:00 Sun, when the lead reached 186°; Kaulava runs until 06:21.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:35 to 05:35 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 15 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 3 Jan, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 3 Jan, with the Sun in Dhanu, begins Pausha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Pausha here, and Margashirsha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 14 Mar 2048, 11:27 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 275.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2105; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1970.