Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 11 Apr 2048

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 00:20 on Sat 11 Apr to 01:07 on Sun 12 Apr, touching nishitha on both nights. The Nirnayasindhu takes the night it holds more of: Sat 11 Apr. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:21 here. Trayodashi ended at 00:20, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 01:07 Sun, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 29 Mar, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:59, came before Trayodashi ended at 08:50: this day reads Trayodashi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:21, came after Trayodashi ended at 00:20: this day reads Chaturdashi.

The night of Fri 10 Apr ran from sunset 18:06 Fri to sunrise 06:21, 12 h 15 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:21 to 18:05, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:05 to 06:21 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Bhadrapada spans 333°20′–346°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 333°20′. It leaves at 01:38 Sun, for Revati.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 357.6° + 336.6° = 694.2°, one full turn and 334.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 333°20′–346°40′ is the 26th, Indra. It ends at 04:26 Sun, then Vaidhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti runs until 12:40, when the lead reaches 342°; Shakuni until 01:07 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:21 to 06:21 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 14 Mar 11:27 Sat to 13 Apr 02:19 Mon the Sun stayed in Meena, entering Mesha at 13 Apr 16:17 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Chaitra, before Chaitra itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 13 Apr, with the Sun in Meena, begins Chaitra (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Chaitra (Adhik) here, and Chaitra (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 14 Mar 2048, 11:27 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 27.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2105; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1970.