Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 20 Dec 2025

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 0°–12° is the 1st, Shukla Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:34 here. Amavasya ended at 22:43 Fri, before it. Pratipada ends at 00:41 Sun, when the lead reaches 12°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 19 Dec, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:09, came before Amavasya ended at 07:13: this day reads Amavasya.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 05:34, came after Amavasya ended at 22:43 Fri: this day reads Pratipada.

The night of Fri 19 Dec ran from sunset 18:45 Fri to sunrise 05:34, 10 h 49 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:34 to 18:46, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 39 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:46 to 05:35 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 21 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mula spans 240°00′–253°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 246°40′. It leaves at 16:51, for Purva Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 244.5° + 247.6° = 492.1°, one full turn and 132.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 120°00′–133°20′ is the 10th, Ganda. It ends at 07:47, then Vriddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Kinstughna and the second Bava. Kinstughna runs until 11:44, when the lead reaches 6°; Bava until 00:41 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:34 to 05:35 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 14 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 18 Jan, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 19 Dec, with the Sun in Dhanu, began Pausha. This Shukla paksha reads Pausha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 29 Mar 2025, 07:57 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 259.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2082; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1947.