Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Mon 14 Aug 2023

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 01:55 on Mon 14 Aug to 04:13 on Tue 15 Aug, so only Monday night’s nishitha (23:52–00:42 Tue) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:32 here. Trayodashi ended at 01:55, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 04:13 Tue, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:49, came before Trayodashi ended at 10:25: this day reads Trayodashi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:32, came after Trayodashi ended at 01:55: this day reads Chaturdashi.

The night of Sun 13 Aug ran from sunset 18:02 Sun to sunrise 06:32, 12 h 30 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:32 to 18:02, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:02 to 06:32 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Pushya spans 93°20′–106°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 93°20′. It leaves at 05:28 Tue, for Ashlesha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 117.2° + 95.3° = 212.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 200°00′–213°20′ is the 16th, Siddhi. It ends at 08:09, then Vyatipata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti runs until 15:03, when the lead reaches 342°; Shakuni until 04:13 Tue.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:32 to 06:32 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Jul 15:31 Mon to 16 Aug 06:38 Wed the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 17 Aug 05:02 Thu, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2023, 14:23 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 140.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2080; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1945.