Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Thu 6 Jul 2023

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 22:00 on Wed 5 Jul to 18:43 on Thu 6 Jul, between the two nights’ moonrise, touching neither. The Dharmasindhu then takes the later day: Thu 6 Jul. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:44 here. Tritiya ended at 22:00 Wed, before it. Chaturthi ends at 18:43, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 3 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:28, came before Tritiya ended at 06:30: this day reads Tritiya. Chaturthi ends at 03:13 Fri, before the next sunrise, so no day here reads Chaturthi: it is kshaya.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:44, came after Tritiya ended at 22:00 Wed: this day reads Chaturthi.

The night of Wed 5 Jul ran from sunset 17:50 Wed to sunrise 06:44, 12 h 54 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:44 to 17:50, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:50 to 06:44 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Dhanishtha spans 293°20′–306°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 300°. It leaves at 15:55, for Shatabhisha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 79.9° + 301° = 380.9°, one full turn and 20.9°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 13°20′–26°40′ is the 2nd, Priti. It ends at 15:29, then Ayushmana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 08:19, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 18:43.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:44 to 06:44 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 16 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 17 Jul, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana here, and Ashadha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2023, 14:23 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 103.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2080; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1945.