Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 24 Oct 2021

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:38 here. Tritiya ended at 18:32 Sat, before it. Chaturthi ends at 21:13, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 20 Oct, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sat 23 Oct ran from sunset 18:15 Sat to sunrise 05:38, 11 h 23 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:38 to 18:16, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:16 to 05:37 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Rohini spans 40°00′–53°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 46°40′. It leaves at 16:31, for Mrigashira.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 187° + 48° = 235°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 226°40′–240°00′ is the 18th, Variyana. It ends at 15:03, then Parigha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 07:52, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 21:13.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:38 to 05:37 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 17 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 4 Nov, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 4 Nov, with the Sun in Tula, begins Kartika. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Kartika here, and Ashwina in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 11 Apr 2021, 23:30 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 188.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2078; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1943.