Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Tue 13 Apr 2021

The Sun enters Mesha at 18:02, between sunrise (06:21) and sunset (18:04): Tue 13 Apr. No text giving Mesha Sankranti’s time was found; sankranti is Tithika’s convention.

Mesha Sankranti: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 12°–24° is the 2nd, Shukla Dwitiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:21 here. Pratipada ended at 01:47, before it. Dwitiya ends at 04:18 Wed, when the lead reaches 24°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 11 Apr, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:58, came before Pratipada ended at 10:17: this day reads Pratipada.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:21, came after Pratipada ended at 01:47: this day reads Dwitiya.

The night of Mon 12 Apr ran from sunset 18:05 Mon to sunrise 06:21, 12 h 16 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:21 to 18:04, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:04 to 06:21 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Bharani spans 13°20′–26°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 13°20′. It leaves at 08:52 Wed, for Krittika.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 359.5° + 13.6° = 373.1°, one full turn and 13.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 0°00′–13°20′ is the 1st, Vishkambha. It ends at 06:45, then Priti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwitiya is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 15:01, when the lead reaches 18°; Kaulava until 04:18 Wed.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:21 to 06:21 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 13 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 11 May, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 11 Apr, with the Sun in Meena, began Chaitra. This Shukla paksha reads Chaitra in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 11 Apr 2021, 23:30 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 1.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2078; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1943.