Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Wed 14 Oct 2020

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 03:21 on Wed 14 Oct to 00:03 on Thu 15 Oct, so only Wednesday’s pradosha (18:13–20:31) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 00:03 on Thu 15 Oct to 20:23 on Thu 15 Oct, so it touches only Wednesday night’s nishitha (23:35–00:21 Thu). No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:44 here. Dwadashi ended at 03:21, before it. Trayodashi ends at 00:03 Thu, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Oct, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:21, came before Dwadashi ended at 11:51: this day reads Dwadashi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 05:44, came after Dwadashi ended at 03:21: this day reads Trayodashi.

The night of Tue 13 Oct ran from sunset 18:12 Tue to sunrise 05:44, 11 h 32 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:44 to 18:13, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:13 to 05:43 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Phalguni spans 133°20′–146°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 140°. It leaves at 12:10, for Uttara Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 177.3° + 142.7° = 320°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 01:49 Thu, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 13:46, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 00:03 Thu.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:44 to 05:43 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Sep 08:00 Thu to 16 Oct 16:31 Fri the Sun stayed in Kanya, entering Tula at 16 Oct 22:35 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Ashwina, before Ashwina itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, begins Ashwina (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashwina (Adhik) here, and Ashwina (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 24 Mar 2020, 06:28 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 197.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2077; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1942.