Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Tue 6 Oct 2020

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 228°–240° is the 20th, Krishna Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:50 here. Chaturthi ended at 04:02, before it. Panchami ends at 06:17 Wed, when the lead reaches 240°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Oct, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Panchami began at 04:02, before sunrise at 05:50, and ends at 06:17 Wed, after the next sunrise at 05:49 Wed. Both days read Panchami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:16, came before Chaturthi ended at 12:32: this day reads Chaturthi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 05:50, came after Chaturthi ended at 04:02: this day reads Panchami.

The night of Mon 5 Oct ran from sunset 18:11 Mon to sunrise 05:50, 11 h 39 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:50 to 18:11, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:11 to 05:49 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Krittika spans 26°40′–40°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 36°40′. It leaves at 09:24, for Rohini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 169.4° + 38.2° = 207.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 200°00′–213°20′ is the 16th, Siddhi. It ends at 16:24, then Vyatipata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 17:12, when the lead reaches 234°; Taitila until 06:17 Wed.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:50 to 05:49 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Sep 08:00 Thu to 16 Oct 16:31 Fri the Sun stayed in Kanya, entering Tula at 16 Oct 22:35 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Ashwina, before Ashwina itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, begins Ashwina (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashwina (Adhik) here, and Ashwina (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 24 Mar 2020, 06:28 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 189.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2077; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1942.