Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 14 Dec 2019

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 204°–216° is the 18th, Krishna Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:31 here. Dwitiya ended at 00:17, before it. Tritiya ends at 22:48, when the lead reaches 216°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 12 Dec, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:05, came before Dwitiya ended at 08:47: this day reads Dwitiya.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 05:31, came after Dwitiya ended at 00:17: this day reads Tritiya.

The night of Fri 13 Dec ran from sunset 18:42 Fri to sunrise 05:31, 10 h 49 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:31 to 18:42, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 38 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:42 to 05:32 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 21 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 83°20′. It leaves at 20:33, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 237.9° + 84.7° = 322.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 22:54, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija runs until 11:34, when the lead reaches 210°; Vishti until 22:48.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:31 to 05:32 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 16 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 26 Dec, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 26 Dec, with the Sun in Dhanu, begins Pausha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Pausha here, and Margashirsha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 5 Apr 2019, 05:50 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 246.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2076; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1941.