Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 25 May 2019

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 252°–264° is the 22nd, Krishna Saptami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:33 here. Shashthi ended at 21:55 Fri, before it. Saptami ends at 00:19 Sun, when the lead reaches 264°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 18 May, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:25, came before Shashthi ended at 06:25: this day reads Shashthi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:33, came after Shashthi ended at 21:55 Fri: this day reads Saptami.

The night of Fri 24 May ran from sunset 17:45 Fri to sunrise 06:33, 12 h 48 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:33 to 17:45, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:45 to 06:34 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Dhanishtha spans 293°20′–306°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 293°20′. It leaves at 04:43 Sun, for Shatabhisha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 39.8° + 295.7° = 335.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 333°20′–346°40′ is the 26th, Indra. It ends at 03:28 Sun, then Vaidhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Saptami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti runs until 11:06, when the lead reaches 258°; Bava until 00:19 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:33 to 06:34 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mesha gives Vaishakha. The Sun enters Vrishabha on 15 May, inside the month. The next new moon, 3 Jun, finds it in Vrishabha and begins Jyeshtha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 3 Jun, with the Sun in Vrishabha, begins Jyeshtha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Jyeshtha here, and Vaishakha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 5 Apr 2019, 05:50 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 48.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2076; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1941.