Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 9 Sep 2017

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 00:43 on Sat 9 Sep to 22:54 on Sat 9 Sep, so it holds moonrise only on Sat 9 Sep, at 21:23. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:13 here. Tritiya ended at 00:43, before it. Chaturthi ends at 22:54, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 6 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:03, came before Tritiya ended at 09:13: this day reads Tritiya.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:13, came after Tritiya ended at 00:43: this day reads Chaturthi.

The night of Fri 8 Sep ran from sunset 18:06 Fri to sunrise 06:13, 12 h 7 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:13 to 18:07, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:07 to 06:12 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashwini spans 0°00′–13°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 0°. It leaves at 02:07 Sun, for Bharani.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 142.8° + 1.7° = 144.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 133°20′–146°40′ is the 11th, Vriddhi. It ends at 09:40, then Dhruva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 11:50, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 22:54.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:13 to 06:12 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 16 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 20 Sep, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 20 Sep, with the Sun in Kanya, begins Ashwina. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashwina here, and Bhadrapada in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 27 Mar 2017, 23:57 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 159.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2074; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1939.