Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 9 Jul 2017

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 180°–192° is the 16th, Krishna Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:44 here. Purnima ended at 01:06, before it. Pratipada ends at 02:56 Mon, when the lead reaches 192°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 9 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:30, came before Purnima ended at 09:36: this day reads Purnima.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:44, came after Purnima ended at 01:06: this day reads Pratipada.

The night of Sat 8 Jul ran from sunset 17:51 Sat to sunrise 06:44, 12 h 53 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:44 to 17:51, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:51 to 06:44 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 263°20′. It leaves at 08:17, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 83.3° + 265.9° = 349.2°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 346°40′–360°00′ is the 27th, Vaidhriti. It ends at 02:38 Mon, then Vishkambha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 14:03, when the lead reaches 186°; Kaulava until 02:56 Mon.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:44 to 06:44 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 16 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 23 Jul, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 23 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana here, and Ashadha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 27 Mar 2017, 23:57 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 99.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2074; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1939.