Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Mon 9 Dec 2013

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 84°–96° is the 8th, Shukla Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:30 here. Saptami ended at 01:51, before it. Ashtami ends at 00:41 Tue, when the lead reaches 96°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 2 Dec, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:02, came before Saptami ended at 09:21: this day reads Saptami.

Ipameri · UTC−2

Sunrise here, 06:30, came after Saptami ended at 01:51: this day reads Ashtami.

The night of Sun 8 Dec ran from sunset 19:39 Sun to sunrise 06:30, 10 h 51 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:30 to 19:40, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 38 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:40 to 06:30 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 21 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 316°40′. It leaves at 06:47, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 233.4° + 319.8° = 553.2°, one full turn and 193.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 17:36, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti runs until 13:11, when the lead reaches 90°; Bava until 00:41 Tue.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:30 to 06:30 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 15 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 1 Jan, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 2 Dec, with the Sun in Vrishchika, began Margashirsha. This Shukla paksha reads Margashirsha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 10 Apr 2013, 06:35 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 236.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2070; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1935.