Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 26 Aug 2012

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 108°–120° is the 10th, Shukla Dashami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:24 here. Navami ended at 19:48 Sat, before it. Dashami ends at 17:50, when the lead reaches 120°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 17 Aug, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 25 Aug ran from sunset 18:04 Sat to sunrise 06:24, 12 h 20 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:24 to 18:04, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:04 to 06:23 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mula spans 240°00′–253°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 240°. It leaves at 23:36, for Purva Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 129.5° + 243.3° = 372.8°, one full turn and 12.8°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 0°00′–13°20′ is the 1st, Vishkambha. It ends at 07:15, then Priti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dashami is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila runs until 06:48, when the lead reaches 114°; Garaja until 17:50.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:24 to 06:23 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Aug 12:54 Fri to 15 Sep 23:10 Sat the Sun stayed in Simha, entering Kanya at 16 Sep 09:24 Sun, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Bhadrapada, before Bhadrapada itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Aug, with the Sun in Simha, began Bhadrapada (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Bhadrapada (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 2012, 11:37 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 151.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2069; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1934.