Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 5 Aug 2012

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 21:23 on Sat 4 Aug to 21:42 on Sun 5 Aug, so it holds moonrise only on Sun 5 Aug, at 21:18. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:37 here. Tritiya ended at 21:23 Sat, before it. Chaturthi ends at 21:42, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 2 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:44, came before Tritiya ended at 05:53: this day reads Tritiya.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:37, came after Tritiya ended at 21:23 Sat: this day reads Chaturthi.

The night of Sat 4 Aug ran from sunset 18:00 Sat to sunrise 06:37, 12 h 37 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:37 to 18:00, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:00 to 06:36 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Bhadrapada spans 320°00′–333°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 326°40′. It leaves at 13:00, for Uttara Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 109.3° + 329.9° = 439.2°, one full turn and 79.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 66°40′–80°00′ is the 6th, Atiganda. It ends at 07:54, then Sukarma.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 09:27, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 21:42.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:37 to 06:36 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Karka gives Shravana. The Sun enters Simha on 16 Aug, inside the month. The next new moon, 17 Aug, finds it in Simha and begins Bhadrapada.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Aug, with the Sun in Simha, begins Bhadrapada. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Bhadrapada here, and Shravana in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 2012, 11:37 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 131° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2069; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1934.