Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Mon 23 Jul 2012

Nag Panchami follows the tithi at sunrise. Panchami runs from 23:42 on Sun 22 Jul to 22:22 on Mon 23 Jul, so it holds sunrise only on Mon 23 Jul, at 06:42. No text giving Nag Panchami’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Nag Panchami: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 48°–60° is the 5th, Shukla Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:42 here. Chaturthi ended at 23:42 Sun, before it. Panchami ends at 22:22, when the lead reaches 60°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 19 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:37, came before Chaturthi ended at 08:12: this day reads Chaturthi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:42, came after Chaturthi ended at 23:42 Sun: this day reads Panchami.

The night of Sun 22 Jul ran from sunset 17:56 Sun to sunrise 06:42, 12 h 46 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:42 to 17:56, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:56 to 06:41 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Phalguni spans 146°40′–160°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 146°40′. It leaves at 02:41 Tue, for Hasta.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 96.9° + 148.6° = 245.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 240°00′–253°20′ is the 19th, Parigha. It ends at 19:33, then Shiva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 11:04, when the lead reaches 54°; Balava until 22:22.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:42 to 06:41 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Karka gives Shravana. The Sun enters Simha on 16 Aug, inside the month. The next new moon, 17 Aug, finds it in Simha and begins Bhadrapada.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 19 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana. This Shukla paksha reads Shravana in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 2012, 11:37 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 118.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2069; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1934.