Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 11 Mar 2012

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 21:14 on Sat 10 Mar to 18:13 on Sun 11 Mar, between the two nights’ moonrise, touching neither. The Dharmasindhu then takes the later day: Sun 11 Mar. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:14 here. Tritiya ended at 21:14 Sat, before it. Chaturthi ends at 18:13, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 8 Mar, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sat 10 Mar ran from sunset 18:31 Sat to sunrise 06:14, 11 h 43 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:14 to 18:30, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:30 to 06:15 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Swati spans 186°40′–200°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 186°40′. It leaves at 01:20 Mon, for Vishakha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 327.2° + 188.3° = 515.5°, one full turn and 155.5°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 146°40′–160°00′ is the 12th, Dhruva. It ends at 13:07, then Vyaghata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 07:42, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 18:13.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:14 to 06:15 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kumbha gives Phalguna. The Sun enters Meena on 14 Mar, inside the month. The next new moon, 22 Mar, finds it in Meena and begins Chaitra.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 22 Mar, with the Sun in Meena, begins Chaitra. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Chaitra here, and Phalguna in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 3 Apr 2011, 11:32 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 337.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2068; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1933.