Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Tue 24 Jan 2012

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 12°–24° is the 2nd, Shukla Dwitiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:55 here. Pratipada ended at 04:55, before it. Dwitiya ends at 04:45 Wed, when the lead reaches 24°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 23 Jan, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:13, came before Pratipada ended at 12:25: this day reads Pratipada.

Ipameri · UTC−2

Sunrise here, 06:55, came after Pratipada ended at 04:55: this day reads Dwitiya.

The night of Mon 23 Jan ran from sunset 19:54 Mon to sunrise 06:55, 11 h 1 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:55 to 19:54, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:54 to 06:55 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shravana spans 280°00′–293°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 290°. It leaves at 07:59, for Dhanishtha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 279.7° + 292.7° = 572.4°, one full turn and 212.4°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 200°00′–213°20′ is the 16th, Siddhi. It ends at 08:21, then Vyatipata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwitiya is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 16:46, when the lead reaches 18°; Kaulava until 04:45 Wed.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:55 to 06:55 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 13 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 21 Feb, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 23 Jan, with the Sun in Makara, began Magha. This Shukla paksha reads Magha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 3 Apr 2011, 11:32 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 290.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2068; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1933.