Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Tue 11 May 2010

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 22:05 on Mon 10 May to 22:39 on Tue 11 May, so only Tuesday’s pradosha (17:49–20:21) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 22:39 on Tue 11 May to 22:38 on Wed 12 May, so only Tuesday night’s nishitha (23:43–00:34 Wed) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:29 here. Dwadashi ended at 22:05 Mon, before it. Trayodashi ends at 22:39, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 28 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:33, came before Dwadashi ended at 06:35: this day reads Dwadashi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:29, came after Dwadashi ended at 22:05 Mon: this day reads Trayodashi.

The night of Mon 10 May ran from sunset 17:49 Mon to sunrise 06:29, 12 h 40 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:29 to 17:49, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:49 to 06:29 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Revati spans 346°40′–360°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 353°20′. It leaves at 16:35, for Ashwini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 26.6° + 354.7° = 381.3°, one full turn and 21.3°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 13°20′–26°40′ is the 2nd, Priti. It ends at 16:00, then Ayushmana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 10:27, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 22:39.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:29 to 06:29 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 14 Apr 09:28 Wed to 13 May 22:04 Thu the Sun stayed in Mesha, entering Vrishabha at 14 May 19:16 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Vaishakha, before Vaishakha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 13 May, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha (Adhik) here, and Vaishakha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 15 Mar 2010, 18:01 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 55.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2067; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1932.