Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Wed 16 May 2007

Vat Savitri Vrat follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya runs from 20:03 on Tue 15 May to 16:27 on Wed 16 May, so it holds sunrise only on Wed 16 May, at 06:30. No text giving Vat Savitri Vrat’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Vat Savitri Vrat: every date in Ipameri

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya runs from 20:03 on Tue 15 May to 16:27 on Wed 16 May, so it holds sunrise only on Wed 16 May, at 06:30. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 348°–360° is the 30th, Krishna Amavasya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:30 here. Chaturdashi ended at 20:03 Tue, before it. Amavasya ends at 16:27, when the lead reaches 360°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 2 May, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 15 May ran from sunset 17:47 Tue to sunrise 06:30, 12 h 43 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:30 to 17:47, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:47 to 06:31 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Bharani spans 13°20′–26°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 23°20′. It leaves at 08:36, for Krittika.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 31.2° + 25.4° = 56.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 53°20′–66°40′ is the 5th, Shobhana. It ends at 21:40, then Atiganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Amavasya is Chatushpada and the second Nagava. Chatushpada ended at 06:14, when the lead reached 354°; Nagava runs until 16:27.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:30 to 06:31 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mesha gives Vaishakha. The Sun enters Vrishabha on 15 May, inside the month. The next new moon, 16 May, finds it in Vrishabha and begins Jyeshtha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 May, with the Sun in Vrishabha, begins Jyeshtha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Jyeshtha here, and Vaishakha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 18 Mar 2007, 23:42 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 57° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2064; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1929.