Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Wed 14 Feb 2007

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 21:07 on Wed 14 Feb to 19:21 on Thu 15 Feb, so it touches only Wednesday’s pradosha (19:47–22:03). No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 312°–324° is the 27th, Krishna Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:06 here. Ekadashi ended at 22:12 Tue, before it. Dwadashi ends at 21:07, when the lead reaches 324°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 2 Feb, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 13 Feb ran from sunset 19:47 Tue to sunrise 07:06, 11 h 19 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:06 to 19:47, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:47 to 07:06 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 256°40′. It leaves at 22:25, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 301.3° + 257.9° = 559.2°, one full turn and 199.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 08:18, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 09:45, when the lead reaches 318°; Taitila until 21:07.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:06 to 07:06 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 12 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 17 Feb, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Feb, with the Sun in Kumbha, begins Phalguna. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Phalguna here, and Magha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 29 Mar 2006, 07:15 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 316.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2063; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1928.