Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Wed 4 Aug 2004

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 228°–240° is the 20th, Krishna Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:37 here. Chaturthi ended at 05:30, before it. Panchami ends at 04:54 Thu, when the lead reaches 240°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 31 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:44, came before Chaturthi ended at 14:00: this day reads Chaturthi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:37, came after Chaturthi ended at 05:30: this day reads Panchami.

The night of Tue 3 Aug ran from sunset 17:59 Tue to sunrise 06:37, 12 h 38 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:37 to 18:00, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:00 to 06:37 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Bhadrapada spans 333°20′–346°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 336°40′. It leaves at 00:04 Thu, for Revati.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 108.4° + 337° = 445.4°, one full turn and 85.4°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 80°00′–93°20′ is the 7th, Sukarma. It ends at 19:54, then Dhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 17:06, when the lead reaches 234°; Taitila until 04:54 Thu.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:37 to 06:37 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Jul 08:23 Sat to 15 Aug 22:23 Sun the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 08:18 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 15 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 2004, 19:41 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 131.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2061; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1926.