Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Mon 20 Jan 2003

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 204°–216° is the 18th, Krishna Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:53 here. Dwitiya ended at 05:58, before it. Tritiya ends at 04:03 Tue, when the lead reaches 216°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 18 Jan, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:14, came before Dwitiya ended at 13:28: this day reads Dwitiya.

Ipameri · UTC−2

Sunrise here, 06:53, came after Dwitiya ended at 05:58: this day reads Tritiya.

The night of Sun 19 Jan ran from sunset 19:54 Sun to sunrise 06:53, 10 h 59 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:53 to 19:54, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:54 to 06:53 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Magha spans 120°00′–133°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 120°. It leaves at 04:50 Tue, for Purva Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 276° + 120.5° = 396.5°, one full turn and 36.5°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 26°40′–40°00′ is the 3rd, Ayushmana. It ends at 12:33, then Saubhagya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija runs until 17:02, when the lead reaches 210°; Vishti until 04:03 Tue.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:53 to 06:53 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 14 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 1 Feb, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 1 Feb, with the Sun in Makara, begins Magha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Magha here, and Pausha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 12 Apr 2002, 16:21 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 277.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2059; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1924.