Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Tue 12 Nov 2002

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 84°–96° is the 8th, Shukla Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:29 here. Saptami ended at 06:23 Mon, before it. Ashtami ends at 07:31, when the lead reaches 96°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 4 Nov, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Ashtami began at 06:23 Mon, before sunrise at 06:30 Mon, and ends at 07:31, after the next sunrise at 06:29. Both days read Ashtami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Mon 11 Nov ran from sunset 19:23 Mon to sunrise 06:29, 11 h 6 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:29 to 19:24, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:24 to 06:29 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Dhanishtha spans 293°20′–306°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 300°. It leaves at 16:47, for Shatabhisha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 205.9° + 301.4° = 507.3°, one full turn and 147.3°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 146°40′–160°00′ is the 12th, Dhruva. It ends at 05:34 Wed, then Vyaghata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti ended at 18:52 Mon, when the lead reached 90°; Bava runs until 07:31.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:29 to 06:29 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 16 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 4 Dec, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 4 Nov, with the Sun in Tula, began Kartika. This Shukla paksha reads Kartika in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 12 Apr 2002, 16:21 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 207.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2059; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1924.