Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 23 Sep 2001

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 72°–84° is the 7th, Shukla Saptami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:01 here. Shashthi ended at 17:39 Sat, before it. Saptami ends at 18:01, when the lead reaches 84°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 17 Sep, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 22 Sep ran from sunset 18:08 Sat to sunrise 06:01, 11 h 53 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:01 to 18:08, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:08 to 06:00 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Jyeshtha spans 226°40′–240°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 233°20′. It leaves at 16:05, for Mula.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 156.5° + 234.7° = 391.2°, one full turn and 31.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 26°40′–40°00′ is the 3rd, Ayushmana. It ends at 21:30, then Saubhagya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Saptami is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja ended at 05:44, when the lead reached 78°; Vanija runs until 18:01.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:01 to 06:00 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Sep 07:27 Mon to 16 Oct 17:23 Tue the Sun stayed in Kanya, entering Tula at 17 Oct 02:37 Wed, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Ashwina, before Ashwina itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Sep, with the Sun in Kanya, began Ashwina (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Ashwina (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 24 Mar 2001, 22:21 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 175.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2058; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1923.