Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Wed 14 Jul 1999

Rath Yatra follows the tithi at sunrise. Dwitiya runs from 20:38 on Tue 13 Jul to 18:21 on Wed 14 Jul, so it holds sunrise only on Wed 14 Jul, at 06:44. No text giving Rath Yatra’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Rath Yatra: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 12°–24° is the 2nd, Shukla Dwitiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:44 here. Pratipada ended at 20:38 Tue, before it. Dwitiya ends at 18:21, when the lead reaches 24°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 12 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Tue 13 Jul ran from sunset 17:53 Tue to sunrise 06:44, 12 h 51 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:44 to 17:53, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:53 to 06:43 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Pushya spans 93°20′–106°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 103°20′. It leaves at 09:02, for Ashlesha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 87.7° + 105.3° = 193°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 17:53, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwitiya is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 07:25, when the lead reaches 18°; Kaulava until 18:21.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:44 to 06:43 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 16 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 11 Aug, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 12 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, began Ashadha. This Shukla paksha reads Ashadha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 1999, 15:47 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 114.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2056; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1921.