Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Fri 12 Jul 1996

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 06:58 on Fri 12 Jul to 08:50 on Sat 13 Jul, so only Friday’s pradosha (17:52–20:27) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 312°–324° is the 27th, Krishna Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:44 here. Ekadashi ended at 05:25 Thu, before it. Dwadashi ends at 06:58, when the lead reaches 324°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dwadashi began at 05:25 Thu, before sunrise at 06:44 Thu, and ends at 06:58, after the next sunrise at 06:44. Both days read Dwadashi: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Thu 11 Jul ran from sunset 17:52 Thu to sunrise 06:44, 12 h 52 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:44 to 17:52, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:52 to 06:44 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Rohini spans 40°00′–53°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 50°. It leaves at 12:32, for Mrigashira.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 86.5° + 50.4° = 136.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 133°20′–146°40′ is the 11th, Vriddhi. It ends at 00:41 Sat, then Dhruva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 18:08 Thu, when the lead reached 318°; Taitila runs until 06:58.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:44 to 06:44 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 15 Jun 22:35 Sat to 15 Jul 13:14 Mon the Sun stayed in Mithuna, entering Karka at 15 Jul 22:40 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Ashadha, before Ashadha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 15 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, begins Ashadha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashadha (Adhik) here, and Ashadha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 19 Mar 1996, 07:44 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 111.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2053; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1918.