Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Fri 5 Jul 1996

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 228°–240° is the 20th, Krishna Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:44 here. Chaturthi ended at 10:28 Thu, before it. Panchami ends at 07:46, when the lead reaches 240°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Shashthi began at 07:46 and ended at 05:42 Sat, between the sunrises of 06:44 and 06:44 Sat. Friday reads Panchami and Saturday reads Saptami: Shashthi is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Thu 4 Jul ran from sunset 17:50 Thu to sunrise 06:44, 12 h 54 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:44 to 17:50, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:50 to 06:44 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 316°40′. It leaves at 07:59, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 79.8° + 319.3° = 399.1°, one full turn and 39.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 26°40′–40°00′ is the 3rd, Ayushmana. It ends at 08:11, then Saubhagya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 21:03 Thu, when the lead reached 234°; Taitila runs until 07:46.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:44 to 06:44 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 15 Jun 22:35 Sat to 15 Jul 13:14 Mon the Sun stayed in Mithuna, entering Karka at 15 Jul 22:40 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Ashadha, before Ashadha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 15 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, begins Ashadha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashadha (Adhik) here, and Ashadha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 19 Mar 1996, 07:44 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 104.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2053; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1918.