Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 19 Oct 1991

Smartas test Ekadashi at sunrise: it holds sunrise on Sat 19 Oct only, at 05:41: Sat 19 Oct. Vaishnavas test arunodaya: Dashami ended at 08:16 Fri, before it (04:05–05:41).

Papankusha Ekadashi: every date in Ipameri

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 11:16 on Sat 19 Oct to 11:11 on Mon 21 Oct, so only Saturday’s pradosha (19:14 Sun–21:31 Sun) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 120°–132° is the 11th, Shukla Ekadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:41 here. Dashami ended at 08:16 Fri, before it. Ekadashi ends at 09:37, when the lead reaches 132°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 7 Oct, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Fri 18 Oct ran from sunset 18:14 Fri to sunrise 05:41, 11 h 27 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:41 to 18:14, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:14 to 06:40 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 310°. It leaves at 21:17, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 181.7° + 311.8° = 493.5°, one full turn and 133.5°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 133°20′–146°40′ is the 11th, Vriddhi. It ends at 05:48 Sun, then Dhruva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ekadashi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 21:02 Fri, when the lead reached 126°; Vishti runs until 09:37.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:41 to 06:40 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 17 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 6 Nov, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 7 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, began Ashwina. This Shukla paksha reads Ashwina in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 16 Mar 1991, 05:10 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 210.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2048; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1913.