Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 4 May 1991

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 240°–252° is the 21st, Krishna Shashthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:26 here. Panchami ended at 04:01, before it. Shashthi ends at 06:34 Sun, when the lead reaches 252°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 28 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Shashthi began at 04:01, before sunrise at 06:26, and ends at 06:34 Sun, after the next sunrise at 06:27 Sun. Both days read Shashthi: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:38, came before Panchami ended at 12:31: this day reads Panchami.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:26, came after Panchami ended at 04:01: this day reads Shashthi.

The night of Fri 3 May ran from sunset 17:52 Fri to sunrise 06:26, 12 h 34 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:26 to 17:52, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:52 to 06:27 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 260°. It leaves at 18:25, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 19.7° + 260.8° = 280.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 280°00′–293°20′ is the 22nd, Sadhya. It ends at 06:35 Sun, then Shubha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Shashthi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 17:19, when the lead reaches 246°; Vanija until 06:34 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:26 to 06:27 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 14 Apr 16:37 Sun to 14 May 01:35 Tue the Sun stayed in Mesha, entering Vrishabha at 14 May 22:25 Tue, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Vaishakha, before Vaishakha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 May, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha (Adhik) here, and Vaishakha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 16 Mar 1991, 05:10 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 48.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2048; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1913.