Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 10 Feb 1990

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 180°–192° is the 16th, Krishna Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:04 here. Purnima ended at 17:15 Fri, before it. Pratipada ends at 17:16, when the lead reaches 192°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 9 Feb, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Fri 9 Feb ran from sunset 19:49 Fri to sunrise 07:04, 11 h 15 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:04 to 19:49, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:49 to 06:05 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Magha spans 120°00′–133°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 123°20′. It leaves at 23:21, for Purva Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 297.6° + 124.6° = 422.2°, one full turn and 62.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 53°20′–66°40′ is the 5th, Shobhana. It ends at 14:43, then Atiganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 05:11, when the lead reached 186°; Kaulava runs until 17:16.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:04 to 06:05 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 12 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 25 Feb, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 25 Feb, with the Sun in Kumbha, begins Phalguna. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Phalguna here, and Magha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 6 Apr 1989, 00:32 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 305° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2046; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1911.