Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 14 Jan 1984

The Sun enters Makara at 11:53, between sunrise (05:49) and sunset (18:54). The Dharmasindhu’s punya kala is the 40 ghatis after the ingress, so the bath and gifts fall that day: Sat 14 Jan.

Makar Sankranti: every date in Ipameri

Smartas test Ekadashi at sunrise: it holds sunrise on Sat 14 Jan only, at 05:49: Sat 14 Jan. Vaishnavas test arunodaya: Dashami ended at 20:56 Fri, before it (04:13–05:49).

Pausha Putrada Ekadashi: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 120°–132° is the 11th, Shukla Ekadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:49 here. Dashami ended at 20:56 Fri, before it. Ekadashi ends at 20:23, when the lead reaches 132°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 3 Jan, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Fri 13 Jan ran from sunset 18:54 Fri to sunrise 05:49, 10 h 55 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:49 to 18:54, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 38 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:54 to 05:49 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 21 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Krittika spans 26°40′–40°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 33°20′. It leaves at 16:11, for Rohini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 269.7° + 34.2° = 303.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 293°20′–306°40′ is the 23rd, Shubha. It ends at 10:19, then Shukla.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ekadashi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija runs until 08:45, when the lead reaches 126°; Vishti until 20:23.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:49 to 05:49 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 14 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 1 Feb, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 3 Jan, with the Sun in Dhanu, began Pausha. This Shukla paksha reads Pausha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 13 Apr 1983, 04:58 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 270.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2040; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1905.