Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Thu 24 Feb 1983

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 16:08 on Thu 24 Feb to 12:48 on Fri 25 Feb, so only Thursday’s pradosha (18:41–20:59) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 132°–144° is the 12th, Shukla Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:10 here. Ekadashi ended at 19:13 Wed, before it. Dwadashi ends at 16:08, when the lead reaches 144°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 12 Feb, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Wed 23 Feb ran from sunset 18:42 Wed to sunrise 06:10, 11 h 28 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:10 to 18:41, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:41 to 06:10 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 86°40′. It leaves at 11:51, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 311.6° + 89.8° = 401.4°, one full turn and 41.4°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 40°00′–53°20′ is the 4th, Saubhagya. It ends at 00:12 Fri, then Shobhana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 05:43, when the lead reached 138°; Balava runs until 16:08.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:10 to 06:10 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 12 Feb 21:31 Sat to 14 Mar 14:43 Mon the Sun stayed in Kumbha, entering Meena at 14 Mar 15:44 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Phalguna, before Phalguna itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 12 Feb, with the Sun in Kumbha, began Phalguna (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Phalguna (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 25 Mar 1982, 07:17 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 330.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2039; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1904.