Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 30 Jan 1983

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 192°–204° is the 17th, Krishna Dwitiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:58 here. Pratipada ended at 15:43 Sat, before it. Dwitiya ends at 12:15, when the lead reaches 204°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 28 Jan, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sat 29 Jan ran from sunset 18:53 Sat to sunrise 05:58, 11 h 5 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:58 to 18:53, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:53 to 05:59 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Magha spans 120°00′–133°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 123°20′. It leaves at 16:44, for Purva Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 286.3° + 126.6° = 412.9°, one full turn and 52.9°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 40°00′–53°20′ is the 4th, Saubhagya. It ends at 06:36, then Shobhana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwitiya is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila ended at 01:56, when the lead reached 198°; Garaja runs until 12:15.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:58 to 05:59 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 14 Jan and Kumbha on 12 Feb, both inside the month. The next new moon, 12 Feb, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 12 Feb, with the Sun in Kumbha, begins Phalguna. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Phalguna here, and Pausha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 25 Mar 1982, 07:17 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 305.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2039; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1904.