Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 16 Jul 1977

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 0°–12° is the 1st, Shukla Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:43 here. Amavasya ended at 05:36, before it. Pratipada ends at 06:46 Sun, when the lead reaches 12°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 16 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Pratipada began at 05:36, before sunrise at 06:43, and ends at 06:46 Sun, after the next sunrise at 06:43 Sun. Both days read Pratipada: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:33, came before Amavasya ended at 14:06: this day reads Amavasya.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:43, came after Amavasya ended at 05:36: this day reads Pratipada.

The night of Fri 15 Jul ran from sunset 17:53 Fri to sunrise 06:43, 12 h 50 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:43 to 17:54, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:54 to 06:43 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 90°. It leaves at 11:47, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 90.2° + 90.7° = 180.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 173°20′–186°40′ is the 14th, Harshana. It ends at 17:05, then Vajra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Kinstughna and the second Bava. Kinstughna runs until 18:14, when the lead reaches 6°; Bava until 06:46 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:43 to 06:43 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 16 Jul 05:36 to 14 Aug 18:31 Sun the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 10:07 Tue, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 19 Mar 1977, 15:32 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 114.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2034; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1899.